= the lower part of the upper limb of the human body, which in some contexts may include the full arm, apart from basic human activities such as holding, giving and taking, working, beating, also used in rituals around blessings, oaths, and prayer; used figuratively in expressions involving strength, control, responsibility, punishment; possibly used as a euphemism for the male genitals
hand, wrist, forearm, arm
People
literally: between (one's) hands; hence: = part of the human body, especially from the shoulders to the bottom, either front or back
body, back, chest
Afraid
literally: weak of hands; hence: = state in which humans lack the confidence to perform a certain event
discouraged
Afraid
literally: (one's) hands are weak; hence: = state in which humans lack the confidence to perform a certain event
to be discouraged, to lose heart
Afraid
literally: to make (someone's) hands weak; hence: = causative action by which humans cause other humans to lack the courage to perform a certain event
to discourage
Artifacts
literally: hand; hence: = part of an object extending out in a certain direction, similar to function of the body's hand or arm
tenon, axletree, handle
Associate
literally: to drag out (one's) hand (with someone); hence, possibly: = action by which humans associate with other humans, described with the image of someone stretching out one's hand to someone else asking that person to join in
to join hands with mockers
Associate
literally: to put (one's) hand with (someone else); hence: = action by which humans associate with other humans
to join hands (with someone)
Bear
= causative action by which someone strikes the palm of their hand against someone else's palm; in order to show that one has taken responsibility for someone else's debts; usually regarded as unwise
to strike hands (in pledge)
Confident
= literally: (one's) hands are strong; hence: = state in which humans have the confidence to perform a certain event
to have courage
Confident
literally: to strengthen (someone's) hands; hence: = causative action by which human help other humans to find the courage to perform a certain event
to encourage (someone)
Control
literally: to lay hands (on someone); hence: = action by which humans seize other humans and take control of them
to lay hands (on someone), to arrest
Engage
literally: to lift up (one's) hand); hence: = action by which deities get involved in an event after a time of inaction
to lift up (one's) hand > to act
Non-Engage
literally: to weaken (one's) hand; hence: = action by which humans or supernatural beings stop engaging in a certain activity
to stay (one's) hand, to stop
Non-Engage
literally: to turn (one's) hand from (an event); hence: = action by which humans and deities purposefully refrain from engaing in a particular event
to withhold (one's) hand from
Happen
literally: hand, used metonymically to denote the owner of the hand; hence: = the person who is the originator of a particular event
hand (as metonym), person
Happen
literally: by the hand (of someone); hence: = process by which a certain event is carried out by an intermediary (person) or instrument (object)
by, through
Happen
literally: by the hand (of someone); hence, possibly: = state in which something is done because of another matter relating to a particular person
because of
Happen
literally: to cause to happen to (someone's) hand; hence: = causative process by which deities cause or allow something to happen to somebody
to allow to happen
Safe
literally: to grasp (someone) by the hand; hence: = action by which humans or deities offer assistance to (other) humans
to help, to support
Safe
literally: (one's) hand is with (someone else); hence: = action by which humans or deities offer assistance to (other) humans
to help, to support
Hold
literally: in (one's) hand; hence: = state of carrying an object physically in one's hand or as part of one's luggage
to hold, carry, have (in one's luggage)
Hold
literally: under (one's) hand; hence: = state in which humans have an object available to share with or give to other humans
to have at hand
Control
literally: hand; hence: = state of being in a position of control and authority over objects or people
hand, charge, authority, control, power
Control
literally: according to the hand(s) (of someone); hence: = state in which something takes place under the authority of someone else
under the direction of
Control
literally: to appoint (someone) over the hands (of an activity); hence: = state in which someone has the authority over a certain activity
to put (someone) in charge of (something)
Imminent
literally: in (one's) hand; hence: = state in which an event is about to take place
imminent
Possess
literally: (someone's) hand; hence: = state in which humans own a particular object
in possession
Possess
literally: to cleave to (one's) hand; hence: = action by which humans take possession of an object that they carry or come across, without having the authority to do so
to stick to (one's) hand
Bear
literally: (someone's) hand; = state in which humans bear the responsibility for a certain situation
hand, responsibility
Poor
literally: (one's) hand wavers; hence: = state in which humans are unable to provide for themselves
to become dependent
Unwilling
literally: to shut (one's) hand; hence: = state in which humans are unwilling to help out other humans with money or goods
to be tight-fisted
Willing
literally: to open (one's) hand; hence: = state in which humans are very willing to help out other humans with money or goods
to give generously
Impact
literally: hand; hence: = action by which humans or deities engage in an act of violence against (other) humans
hand, impactful involvement
Ingest
literally: to bring (one's) hand to (one's) mouth; hence: = action by which humans eat something
to eat
Judge
literally: to lay (one's) hand on (two parties); hence: = causative action by which humans resolve a conflict between two parties
to arbitrate
Large
literally: wide of hands; hence: = state in which a certain object has a relatively large distance from side to side
broad, spacious
Lazy
literally: idleness of hands; hence: = state in which humans avoid activity
laziness, indolence
Monuments
literally: hand; hence: = a pillar-like object made out of rock, possibly with a hand engraved upon it (as has been found on other ancient monuments, as a symbol of power or of prayer) set up in honor or memorial of someone (known ancient ones are in honor of a king or god)
monument, memorial
Spatial Referents
literally: hand; hence: = a referent pointing to the location to the left or right of an object analogous to the location of someone's hands or arms
side, vicinity
Safe
literally: to the side (of someone or something); hence: = state in which humans are available to provide help and assistance for the benefit of a person or place
help, service
Quantity
literally: hands; hence: = more or less equal portions
shares, portions, times, groups, divisions
Quantity
literally: by hand; hence: = process by which a quantity increases in small increments
little by little
Role
literally: to fill (someone's) hand; hence: = causative action by which humans ordain other humans to the office of priest or a similar role
to ordain, to install, to consecrate
Holy
literally: to fill the hands (of an object); hence: = causative action by where humans cause objects to be ready to be in the presence of a deity by going through special rituals
to consecrate
Serve
literally: to pour water on (someone's) hands; hence: = state in which humans are serving other humans in the position of assistant
to serve as (someone else's) assistant
Space
literally: hand; hence: = a space designated for a certain purpose
area, position
Non-Speak
literally: to lay (one's) hand on (one's) mouth; hence: = action by which humans purposefully refrain from speaking up
to keep (one's) mouth shut
Stance
literally: to send out (one's) hand; hence: = action by which humans straighten their arm in a certain direction
to stretch out (one's hand)
Chastise
literally: to stretch out (one's) arm; hence: = action by which deities prepare to punish to humans
to stretch out (one's) hand (to punish)
Confident
literally: to stretch out (one's) hand (against someone); hence: = action by which humans openly show resistance to someone else
to stretch out (one's) hand, to defy
Confident
literally: (to do something with) raised hand; hence: = state in which humans or deities perform an action with confidence
boldly, defiantly
Engage
literally: to raise (one's) hand (to do something); hence: = action by which humans take a conscious decision to perform a certain event
to lift a hand (to do something)
Engage
literally: to stretch out (one's) hand (to do something); hence: = action by which humans take a conscious decision to perform a certain event
to stretch out (one's) hand > to lift a hand (to do something)
Non-Possess
literally: to stretch out (one's) hands (to someone); hence: = action by which humans give generously to someone else
to give generously
Impact
literally: to wave (one's) hand (against someone); hence: = action by which humans or deities engage in an act of violence against (other) humans
to raise (one's) hands (against someone)
Impact
literally: waving of (one's) hand (against someone); hence: = action by which deities engage in an act of violence against humans
raising (one's) hands (against someone)
Impact
literally: to lift up (one's) hands (against someone); hence: = action by which humans engage in an act of violence against other humans
to lift up (one's) hand (against someone else)
Impact
literally: to cause (one's) hands to be high (against someone); hence: = action by which humans engage in an act of violence against other humans
to lift up (one's) hand (against someone else)
Impact
literally: to turn (one's) hand against (someone else); hence: = action by which humans or deities engage in an act of violence against (other) humans
to strike
Impact
literally: to stretch out (one's) hand (against someone); hence: = action by which humans or deities engage in an act of violence against (other) humans
to lay (one's) hands (on someone or something)
Insignificant
literally: to give (one's) hand (to someone); hence: = action by which humans accept the authority of other humans, or of a deity
to yield, to surrender, to submit oneself
Possess
literally: to stretch out (one's) hands (in order to take something); hence: = action by which humans take the possessions of other humans against their will
to lay hands (on something)
Possess
literally: to stretch out (one's) hand (on something); hence: = action by which humans take possession of objects belonging to someone else
to lay hands (on something)
Possess
literally: (one's) hand finds enough (to do something); hence: = state in which someone has sufficient resources to carry out a certain task
to afford
Possess
literally: (one's) hand touches enough (to do something); hence: = state in which someone has sufficient resources to carry out a certain task
to afford
Possess
literally: (one's) hand catches up (with something); hence: = state in which someone has sufficient resources to carry out a certain task
to afford
Objects
= object given in pledge
pledge
Vow
literally: to lift up (one's) hands; hence: = action by which deities make a solemn promise, invoking themselves as a witness by lack of a higher power, which, in the case of humans, is usually done while raising one's hand
to swear, to take an oath
Vow
literally: to lift up (one's) hands; hence: = action by which humans make a solemn promise, often invoking a higher power as a witness, which is usually done while raising one's hand
to swear, to take an oath
Strong
literally: hand; hence: = action by which humans or deities exert strength and power
hand, arm, strength
Weak
literally: short (of hand); hence: = state in which humans lack the power to perform a certain event
powerless
Tools
literally: hand; hence: = a handheld tool or implement of wood or stone
tool, implement
True
literally: hand to hand; hence: = state in which the truth of a statement is confirmed
assuredly
Turn
literally: to turn (one's) hand(s); hence: = causative action by which a charioteer causes his vehicle to turn around giving a firm pull on the reins of the horse
to turn (a chariot)
Vow
literally: to give (one's) hand (in pledge); hence: = action by which humans make a solemn promise to do something
to pledge
Weapons
exact meaning unknown; possibly: = a short wooden rod used for striking the enemy in hand-to-hand combat; it could be held with one hand and was used to strike the enemy on all parts of his body, particularly where he was unprotected by armor; possibly fitted with a heavy head made of stone or metal
war club, mace
Willing
literally: as the hand of a king; hence: = a state in which something is done without holding back as can be expected from a king